Hummingbirds are extremely small but remarkably tough. Some species make annual migrations of over 9,000 km a year (about 5,590 miles). Their journeys are largely fueled by nectar, which is sipped from wildflowers and converted to fat. But climate...

that may record the record of a large hurricane or perhaps a tsunami affecting the shallow marine environment. Photo by Laurie Crossey.

and interpret lunar volatiles in polar cold traps. 

of the world’s largest hummingbird species.

the Grand Canyon. Photo credit Davish Shingari.

to track loud vehicles.

could change the world.

An aging population and minimal growth.

illustrating how phreatic overgrowths on speleothems grow precisely at sea level. Photo credit: Miquel Perello